Annual Probability of Traumatic Brain Injury
~0.9%
Annual probability in US
About 2.8 million Americans suffer a traumatic brain injury each year, ranging from mild concussions to severe injuries.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) affects approximately 2.8 million Americans each year, resulting in about 223,000 hospitalizations and 69,000 deaths. TBI is a contributing factor in about 30% of all injury-related deaths in the United States. An estimated 5.3 million Americans are living with a TBI-related disability.
The leading causes of TBI vary by age group: falls are the leading cause overall (especially in children under 4 and adults over 65), followed by being struck by or against an object, motor vehicle crashes, and assaults. Sports and recreation activities contribute to a significant number of TBIs, particularly among youth.
About 75-80% of TBIs are classified as mild (concussions), but even mild TBIs can have lasting effects. Symptoms of mild TBI usually resolve within weeks, but about 10-20% of people develop post-concussion syndrome with persistent symptoms. Repeated mild TBIs are associated with chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), a progressive degenerative brain disease. There is no cure for TBI; treatment focuses on preventing secondary injury, managing symptoms, and rehabilitation.
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