Lifetime Probability of Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) has a lifetime prevalence of approximately 5.7% in the United States, with about 3.1% of adults experiencing GAD in any given year. GAD is characterized by persistent, excessive worry about a variety of topics (health, finances, work, family) that is difficult to control and causes significant distress or impairment.

GAD is about twice as common in women as men and typically develops gradually, with many patients reporting that they have "always been a worrier." The average age of onset is about 30, though it can develop at any age. GAD commonly co-occurs with other mental health conditions, including major depression (about 60% overlap), other anxiety disorders, and substance use disorders.

Physical symptoms of GAD include muscle tension, sleep disturbance, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, irritability, and restlessness. These symptoms must persist for at least 6 months for a diagnosis. First-line treatments include cognitive behavioral therapy (shown to be effective in about 50-60% of patients) and medications (SSRIs, SNRIs, and buspirone). Relaxation techniques, mindfulness meditation, and regular exercise are effective complementary approaches. About 50% of people with GAD achieve full remission with treatment.