Health & Disease
Probabilities related to diseases, medical conditions, and health outcomes including cancer, heart disease, and other major illnesses.
197 probabilities in this category
Annual Probability of Blood Clot (DVT or PE)
About 900,000 Americans develop a DVT or pulmonary embolism each year. Up to 100,000 die from PE, making it a leading vascular killer.
Annual Probability of Brain Aneurysm Rupture
About 30,000 Americans suffer a ruptured brain aneurysm each year, with a fatality rate of about 40%.
Annual Probability of C. diff Infection
About 500,000 C. diff infections occur annually in the US, causing about 29,000 deaths. It is the most common healthcare-associated infection.
Annual Probability of Developing Sepsis
About 1.7 million Americans develop sepsis each year, resulting in about 270,000 deaths. It is the most expensive condition treated in US hospitals.
Annual Probability of E. coli Infection
About 265,000 Shiga toxin-producing E. coli infections occur annually in the US, causing about 3,600 hospitalizations.
Annual Probability of Eating Recalled Food
About 15% of Americans unknowingly eat recalled food products each year. The FDA issues about 400 food recalls annually.
Annual Probability of Experiencing Medical Malpractice
Medical errors affect about 1 in 10 patients and contribute to an estimated 250,000 deaths per year, making it the 3rd leading cause of death.
Annual Probability of Flu Hospitalization
About 1 in 1,000 Americans are hospitalized for influenza each year, with rates much higher for those over 65.
Annual Probability of Food Allergy ER Visit
About 200,000 Americans visit the ER for food allergy reactions each year, including about 30,000 cases of anaphylaxis.
Annual Probability of Food Poisoning from Restaurant
About 60% of foodborne illness outbreaks are linked to restaurants. An estimated 4% of restaurant diners get food poisoning yearly.
Annual Probability of Frostbite
About 250,000 Americans experience frostbite or cold-related injuries each year, with about 1,300 dying from hypothermia.
Annual Probability of Getting Norovirus
About 1 in 15 Americans gets norovirus each year, making it the leading cause of foodborne illness in the US.
Annual Probability of Getting Pneumonia
About 1 in 125 Americans develops pneumonia requiring medical attention each year, with much higher rates in the elderly.
Annual Probability of Getting a Sunburn
About 33% of American adults report getting at least one sunburn per year, increasing their risk of skin cancer.
Annual Probability of Having Cosmetic Surgery
About 2% of Americans have some form of cosmetic procedure each year, totaling over 26 million procedures annually.
Annual Probability of Having a Heart Attack
About 805,000 Americans have a heart attack each year (one every 40 seconds). About 200,000 are recurrent attacks.
Annual Probability of Having a Stroke
About 795,000 Americans have a stroke each year (about 1 every 40 seconds). Stroke is the 5th leading cause of death.
Annual Probability of Heat-Related Illness Requiring ER Visit
About 67,000 Americans visit the ER for heat-related illness each year, with about 700 dying from extreme heat annually.
Annual Probability of Lyme Disease
About 476,000 Americans are diagnosed and treated for Lyme disease each year. Risk is concentrated in the Northeast and upper Midwest.
Annual Probability of Needing Ambulance Transport
About 20 million ambulance transports occur in the US each year, with the average ground ambulance bill being about $1,200-$1,500.
Annual Probability of Nosebleed Requiring ER Visit
About 60% of people have a nosebleed at some point each year, but only about 0.2% (600,000) require ER visits.
Annual Probability of Poison Ivy Rash
About 50 million Americans develop a poison ivy, oak, or sumac rash each year. About 85% of the population is allergic to urushiol.
Annual Probability of Tuberculosis Diagnosis in the US
About 1 in 30,000 Americans is diagnosed with active tuberculosis each year, though the disease remains a major killer globally.
Annual Probability of Urinary Tract Infection
About 50-60% of women will have at least one UTI in their lifetime. The annual incidence in women is about 11%.
Annual Probability of a Dental Emergency
About 5% of Americans visit the ER for a dental emergency each year, totaling about 2 million ER visits.
Annual Probability of a Prescription Medication Error
About 1.5 million Americans are affected by medication errors each year. Pharmacy dispensing errors occur in about 2% of prescriptions filled.
Global Annual Probability of Malaria Infection
Approximately 250 million malaria cases occur globally each year, affecting about 3% of the world's population, mostly in sub-Saharan Africa.
Lifetime Probability of Any Anxiety Disorder
About 31.6% of American adults will experience any anxiety disorder at some point, making it the most common mental health condition.
Lifetime Probability of Appendicitis
About 7% of Americans will develop appendicitis in their lifetime, most commonly between ages 10 and 30.
Lifetime Probability of Cataract Surgery
About 20% of Americans will undergo cataract surgery during their lifetime. It is the most commonly performed surgery in the US.
Lifetime Probability of Developing Atrial Fibrillation
About 1 in 4 Americans over 40 will develop atrial fibrillation (AFib), the most common heart rhythm disorder.
Lifetime Probability of Developing Shingles
About 1 in 3 Americans will develop shingles (herpes zoster) during their lifetime. Risk increases dramatically after age 50.
Lifetime Probability of Developing Type 2 Diabetes
About 40% of Americans will develop type 2 diabetes in their lifetime. Currently, 11.6% of the population (38 million) has diabetes.
Lifetime Probability of Experiencing Anaphylaxis
About 1.6-5.1% of Americans experience anaphylaxis in their lifetime. The rate has increased 100%+ over the past 20 years.
Lifetime Probability of Experiencing Clinical Depression
About 21% of American adults experience at least one episode of major depressive disorder in their lifetime.
Lifetime Probability of Experiencing a Panic Attack
About 28% of adults experience at least one panic attack in their lifetime, though only about 4.7% develop panic disorder.
Lifetime Probability of Generalized Anxiety Disorder
About 5.7% of Americans develop generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in their lifetime, characterized by chronic excessive worry.
Lifetime Probability of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer
About 1 in 5 Americans will develop non-melanoma skin cancer (basal or squamous cell) by age 70.
Lifetime Probability of Rotator Cuff Surgery
About 2% of Americans will undergo rotator cuff surgery, with about 450,000 repairs performed annually.
Lifetime Probability of Total Hip Replacement
About 5% of Americans will undergo total hip replacement, with about 450,000 procedures performed annually.
Lifetime Probability of Total Knee Replacement
About 7% of Americans will undergo total knee replacement during their lifetime, with about 790,000 procedures performed annually.
Mortality Rate After Hip Fracture in Elderly
About 21% of elderly patients who suffer a hip fracture die within one year. About 300,000 hip fractures occur annually in those over 65.
Probability of Allergic Reaction to Medication
About 10% of the population reports a drug allergy, though only about 1-2% have true immune-mediated allergic reactions.
Probability of Appendix Rupturing Before Surgery
About 20-30% of appendicitis cases result in a ruptured appendix, with higher rates in children under 5 (40-60%) and adults over 65.
Probability of Being Allergic to Cats or Dogs
About 10-20% of the global population is allergic to cats or dogs, with cat allergies being roughly twice as common as dog allergies.
Probability of Being Allergic to Insect Stings
About 5% of Americans have a systemic allergy to insect stings, with 60-70 sting-related deaths per year.
Probability of Being Chronically Sleep Deprived
About 35% of American adults regularly get less than the recommended 7 hours of sleep per night.
Probability of Being Diagnosed with HIV in the US
About 1 in 100 Americans will be diagnosed with HIV in their lifetime, though risk varies enormously by demographic group.
Probability of Being Hospitalized in a Given Year
About 10% of Americans are hospitalized in any given year, with an average length of stay of about 5.4 days.
Probability of Being Lactose Intolerant
About 36% of Americans have some degree of lactose intolerance, with rates much higher in certain ethnic groups.
Probability of Being Nearsighted (Myopia)
About 42% of Americans are nearsighted (myopic), a rate that has nearly doubled since 1971 and is projected to continue rising.
Probability of Being Obese in the US
About 42.2% of American adults are obese (BMI 30+), up from 30.5% in 2000. Severe obesity affects about 9.2%.
Probability of Being a Cystic Fibrosis Carrier
About 1 in 25 Americans of European descent is a carrier of the cystic fibrosis gene, while the disease itself affects about 1 in 3,500 births.
Probability of Being a Sickle Cell Trait Carrier
About 8% of Black Americans carry the sickle cell trait, while sickle cell disease itself affects about 1 in 365 Black births.
Probability of Being on a Cruise During a Norovirus Outbreak
About 0.3% of cruise voyages experience a reportable gastrointestinal illness outbreak, affecting 3%+ of passengers.
Probability of Being on the Autism Spectrum
About 1 in 36 children in the US is diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder, according to the latest CDC surveillance data.
Probability of Carpal Tunnel During Pregnancy
About 30-50% of pregnant women experience some degree of carpal tunnel syndrome, usually developing in the second or third trimester.
Probability of Carrying a BRCA Gene Mutation
About 1 in 250 people carry a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation, which significantly increases breast and ovarian cancer risk.
Probability of Color Vision Deficiency in Women
Only about 0.5% of women have color vision deficiency, compared to about 8% of men, due to the X-linked inheritance pattern.
Probability of Developing ALS
About 1 in 3,300 Americans will develop ALS (Lou Gehrig's disease), a progressive neurodegenerative disease with no cure.
Probability of Developing Age-Related Macular Degeneration
About 11% of Americans will develop age-related macular degeneration, the leading cause of vision loss in people over 50.
Probability of Developing Alcohol Use Disorder
About 10.6% of Americans aged 12 and older (29.5 million) had an alcohol use disorder in the past year.
Probability of Developing Alzheimer's Disease
About 1 in 9 Americans aged 65 and older (10.7%) has Alzheimer's dementia, with risk increasing sharply with age.
Probability of Developing Anorexia Nervosa
About 0.9% of American women and 0.3% of men develop anorexia nervosa, the deadliest mental illness with a mortality rate of 5-10%.
Probability of Developing Bipolar Disorder
About 2.8% of US adults are diagnosed with bipolar disorder, a condition characterized by extreme mood episodes.
Probability of Developing Bladder Cancer
About 2.4% of Americans will develop bladder cancer, with men at roughly four times greater risk than women.
Probability of Developing Brain or CNS Cancer
About 0.6% of Americans will be diagnosed with brain or central nervous system cancer in their lifetime.
Probability of Developing Breast Cancer (Women)
About 1 in 8 women (13%) in the US will develop invasive breast cancer over the course of her lifetime.
Probability of Developing Bulimia Nervosa
About 1.5% of American women and 0.5% of men develop bulimia nervosa, characterized by binge eating and purging.
Probability of Developing COPD
About 16 million Americans have been diagnosed with COPD, and millions more likely have it undiagnosed. It is the 6th leading cause of death.
Probability of Developing Cancer in Your Lifetime
Approximately 39.5% of Americans will be diagnosed with cancer at some point in their lifetime, based on SEER data.
Probability of Developing Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
About 3-6% of the adult population develops carpal tunnel syndrome, making it the most common entrapment neuropathy.
Probability of Developing Cataracts
About 50% of Americans develop cataracts by age 75, making cataract surgery the most commonly performed surgery in the US.
Probability of Developing Cervical Cancer (Women)
About 0.6% of women will develop cervical cancer, a rate that has dropped dramatically due to Pap smears and HPV vaccination.
Probability of Developing Colorectal Cancer
About 1 in 25 Americans will develop colorectal cancer in their lifetime. Screening colonoscopy can prevent many cases.
Probability of Developing Crohn's Disease
About 0.3% of Americans have Crohn's disease, a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that most commonly begins in young adulthood.
Probability of Developing Dementia After Age 85
About one-third of people aged 85 and older have some form of dementia, including Alzheimer's disease.
Probability of Developing Diverticulitis
About 50% of people over 60 have diverticulosis, and about 5% of those will develop diverticulitis (inflammation or infection).
Probability of Developing End-Stage Kidney Failure
About 1 in 250 Americans develops end-stage kidney disease requiring dialysis or transplant.
Probability of Developing Endometriosis
About 10% of women of reproductive age (approximately 6.5 million in the US) have endometriosis.
Probability of Developing Epilepsy
About 1 in 38 Americans (2.6%) will develop epilepsy at some point in their lifetime, making it one of the most common neurological conditions.
Probability of Developing Esophageal Cancer
About 0.5% of Americans will develop esophageal cancer, with men at 3-4 times greater risk than women.
Probability of Developing Fibromyalgia
About 2% of the US adult population has fibromyalgia, with women affected 2-3 times more often than men.
Probability of Developing Frozen Shoulder
About 2-5% of the general population develops frozen shoulder (adhesive capsulitis), with diabetics at 10-20% risk.
Probability of Developing Gallstones
About 10-15% of American adults develop gallstones, resulting in about 700,000 cholecystectomies (gallbladder removals) per year.
Probability of Developing Gestational Diabetes
About 8% of pregnant women develop gestational diabetes, a condition that usually resolves after delivery but increases future diabetes risk.
Probability of Developing Glaucoma
About 2.5% of Americans over age 40 have glaucoma, with Black Americans at 4-5 times higher risk than White Americans.
Probability of Developing Gout
About 3.9% of US adults (8.3 million) have gout, the most common form of inflammatory arthritis, with men at 3x higher risk.
Probability of Developing Gum Disease
About 47% of American adults aged 30 and older have some form of periodontal (gum) disease.
Probability of Developing Kidney Cancer
Approximately 2.2% of Americans will develop kidney cancer during their lifetime, with incidence rates rising over recent decades.
Probability of Developing Kidney Stones (Lifetime)
About 1 in 9 Americans (11%) will develop kidney stones at some point in their lifetime, with men at higher risk than women.
Probability of Developing Leukemia
About 1.6% of Americans will be diagnosed with leukemia at some point in their lifetime, encompassing several subtypes.
Probability of Developing Liver Cancer
Approximately 1.1% of Americans will be diagnosed with liver cancer in their lifetime, with men at roughly twice the risk of women.
Probability of Developing Lung Cancer
About 1 in 16 Americans will develop lung cancer in their lifetime, with smoking being the primary risk factor.
Probability of Developing Lupus
About 1 in 1,500 Americans develop systemic lupus erythematosus, with 9 out of 10 patients being women.
Probability of Developing Melanoma Skin Cancer
About 1 in 38 Americans will develop invasive melanoma in their lifetime. UV exposure is the most preventable risk factor.
Probability of Developing Multiple Sclerosis
About 0.3% of Americans develop multiple sclerosis, with nearly 1 million people currently living with the disease in the US.
Probability of Developing Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Approximately 2.1% of Americans will develop non-Hodgkin lymphoma in their lifetime, making it the seventh most common cancer.
Probability of Developing OCD
About 2.5% of Americans will develop obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in their lifetime.
Probability of Developing Opioid Use Disorder
About 0.9% of Americans (2.5 million people) have an opioid use disorder, driving the deadliest drug crisis in US history.
Probability of Developing Osteoporosis
About 12.5% of Americans over age 50 have osteoporosis, with women at far greater risk than men, especially after menopause.
Probability of Developing Ovarian Cancer (Women)
About 1.1% of women will develop ovarian cancer in their lifetime. It is the fifth leading cause of cancer death among women.
Probability of Developing PTSD
About 6% of the US population will have PTSD at some point, with women twice as likely as men to develop it.
Probability of Developing Pancreatic Cancer
About 1 in 60 Americans will develop pancreatic cancer in their lifetime. It has one of the lowest survival rates of any cancer.
Probability of Developing Parkinson's Disease
Approximately 2% of people over age 60 will develop Parkinson's disease, with about 1 million Americans currently living with it.
Probability of Developing Plantar Fasciitis
About 10% of people develop plantar fasciitis during their lifetime, making it the most common cause of heel pain.
Probability of Developing Postpartum Depression
About 1 in 7 new mothers experiences postpartum depression, making it one of the most common complications of childbirth.
Probability of Developing Preeclampsia
Preeclampsia affects about 5% of pregnancies and is a leading cause of maternal and infant illness and death worldwide.
Probability of Developing Prostate Cancer (Men)
About 1 in 8 men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer during their lifetime, making it the most common non-skin cancer in men.
Probability of Developing Psoriasis
About 3% of Americans (approximately 7.5 million adults) have psoriasis, an autoimmune skin condition.
Probability of Developing Rheumatoid Arthritis
About 1% of the US population has rheumatoid arthritis, an autoimmune disease that causes chronic joint inflammation.
Probability of Developing Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia affects about 0.7% of the population worldwide, typically emerging in early adulthood.
Probability of Developing Sciatica
About 40% of people experience sciatica at some point. It is the most common form of radiculopathy, often caused by a herniated disc.
Probability of Developing Scoliosis
About 2-3% of adolescents develop scoliosis (abnormal spinal curvature), with girls 8 times more likely to need treatment.
Probability of Developing Stomach Cancer
About 0.9% of Americans will develop stomach cancer, with rates declining steadily over the past century.
Probability of Developing Testicular Cancer (Men)
About 0.4% of men will develop testicular cancer, but it has one of the highest cure rates of all cancers at over 95%.
Probability of Developing Thyroid Cancer
About 1.2% of Americans will be diagnosed with thyroid cancer in their lifetime, with women three times more likely than men.
Probability of Developing Type 1 Diabetes
About 1 in 200 Americans will develop type 1 diabetes, an autoimmune condition most commonly diagnosed in children and young adults.
Probability of Developing Type 2 Diabetes
More than 1 in 3 Americans will develop type 2 diabetes in their lifetime, with rates increasing due to obesity trends.
Probability of Developing Ulcerative Colitis
About 1 in 200 Americans develops ulcerative colitis, a chronic inflammatory bowel disease affecting the colon.
Probability of Developing Varicose Veins
About 23% of American adults develop varicose veins, with women being 2-3 times more likely to be affected than men.
Probability of Developing a Blood Clot (DVT)
About 1 in 1,000 people develop a deep vein thrombosis each year, with risk increasing substantially with age, surgery, and immobility.
Probability of Developing a Gambling Disorder
About 2% of American adults meet criteria for gambling disorder, with another 4-6% considered problem gamblers.
Probability of Developing a Hernia
About 25% of men and 2% of women will develop an inguinal hernia during their lifetime. Over 1 million hernia repairs are performed yearly.
Probability of Developing a Substance Use Disorder
About 16.6% of Americans aged 12 and older (46.3 million people) had a substance use disorder in 2022.
Probability of Developing an Eating Disorder
About 5% of Americans will develop an eating disorder at some point, with anorexia nervosa having the highest mortality rate of any mental illness.
Probability of Dying by Suicide
The lifetime odds of dying by suicide in the US are approximately 1 in 71, making it the 11th leading cause of death.
Probability of Dying from COVID-19 (Infection Fatality Rate)
The overall infection fatality rate (IFR) for COVID-19 is estimated at approximately 0.3%, though it varies from near 0% for young people to over 10% for the elderly.
Probability of Dying from Chronic Lower Respiratory Disease (COPD)
Chronic lower respiratory diseases (primarily COPD) are the 6th leading cause of death in the US, with lifetime odds of approximately 1 in 21.
Probability of Dying from Heart Disease
Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States, responsible for roughly 1 in 5 deaths annually.
Probability of Dying from Sepsis
Sepsis (blood infection) kills approximately 350,000 Americans per year with a lifetime risk of roughly 1 in 189. It is a leading cause of hospital deaths.
Probability of Dying from a Stroke
Stroke is the 5th leading cause of death in the US, with a lifetime mortality risk of approximately 1 in 19.
Probability of Ectopic Pregnancy
About 2% of all pregnancies are ectopic (implant outside the uterus), a life-threatening emergency requiring immediate treatment.
Probability of Experiencing Major Depression
About 8.3% of US adults (21.0 million people) had at least one major depressive episode in the past year.
Probability of Experiencing Tinnitus
About 15% of Americans (50 million) experience some form of tinnitus, with about 20 million having chronic tinnitus.
Probability of Exposure to Contaminated Drinking Water
About 7% of US community water systems have health-based violations in a given year, potentially exposing millions to contaminants.
Probability of Food Allergy Causing Anaphylaxis
About 1.5% of people with food allergies experience anaphylaxis each year, with roughly 200 deaths annually in the US.
Probability of Getting Appendicitis (Lifetime)
About 8.6% of Americans (roughly 1 in 12) will develop appendicitis at some point in their lifetime, most commonly between ages 10 and 30.
Probability of Getting Food Poisoning (Annual)
About 1 in 6 Americans (48 million people) get food poisoning each year, resulting in 128,000 hospitalizations and 3,000 deaths.
Probability of Getting Salmonella
About 1.35 million Salmonella infections occur in the US annually, though only about 26,500 are confirmed by lab tests.
Probability of Getting Sick While Traveling Abroad
30-50% of travelers to developing countries experience traveler's diarrhea, the most common travel-related illness.
Probability of Getting Sick on a Cruise
About 2% of cruise ship passengers experience gastrointestinal illness during a voyage, most commonly from norovirus.
Probability of HPV Infection in Your Lifetime
About 80% of sexually active Americans will contract HPV at some point, making it the most common sexually transmitted infection.
Probability of Having ADHD as an Adult
About 4.4% of American adults have ADHD, though many are undiagnosed. ADHD is increasingly recognized as a lifelong condition.
Probability of Having Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever)
About 20% of Americans (roughly 60 million) suffer from allergic rhinitis (hay fever) annually, making it the most common allergic condition.
Probability of Having Any Degree of Hearing Loss
About 15% of American adults (37.5 million) report some degree of hearing loss. Only about 30% who could benefit from hearing aids use them.
Probability of Having Asthma
About 7.9% of Americans (roughly 25 million people) currently have asthma, making it one of the most common chronic diseases.
Probability of Having Celiac Disease
About 1% of the US population has celiac disease, an autoimmune reaction to gluten, though most cases remain undiagnosed.
Probability of Having Chronic Acid Reflux (GERD)
About 20% of Americans have gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), experiencing heartburn or acid regurgitation at least weekly.
Probability of Having Chronic Insomnia
About 10% of adults have chronic insomnia (difficulty sleeping at least 3 nights per week for 3+ months), costing the US $63 billion in lost productivity.
Probability of Having Chronic Kidney Disease
About 14% of US adults (37 million people) have chronic kidney disease, with most being unaware they have it.
Probability of Having Chronic Migraines
About 2% of the population has chronic migraines (15+ headache days per month), while 12% of Americans have episodic migraines.
Probability of Having Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis)
About 10% of American adults and up to 20% of children have atopic dermatitis (eczema), the most common skin condition.
Probability of Having Hearing Loss
About 14.5% of American adults (37.5 million) have some degree of hearing loss, with prevalence increasing dramatically with age.
Probability of Having Hepatitis C
About 2.4 million Americans are living with hepatitis C, though new antiviral treatments can cure over 95% of cases.
Probability of Having High Blood Pressure
About 47% of American adults (nearly half) have hypertension, but only about 24% have it under control.
Probability of Having High Cholesterol
About 38% of American adults have high total cholesterol (200+ mg/dL), a major risk factor for heart disease.
Probability of Having Iron Deficiency Anemia
About 5% of Americans have iron deficiency anemia, with much higher rates among women of reproductive age (about 10%).
Probability of Having Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
About 10-15% of Americans have irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), though only about half seek medical care for it.
Probability of Having Microplastics in Your Blood
A landmark 2022 study found microplastics in the blood of 80% of participants, raising concerns about health impacts.
Probability of Having Migraines
About 12% of Americans suffer from migraines, with women three times more likely to be affected than men.
Probability of Having Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity
About 6% of Americans have non-celiac gluten sensitivity, distinct from celiac disease which affects about 1%.
Probability of Having Obstructive Sleep Apnea
About 12% of all US adults have obstructive sleep apnea, with up to 80% of moderate-to-severe cases undiagnosed.
Probability of Having Social Anxiety Disorder
About 7% of Americans experience social anxiety disorder in any given year, making it one of the most common anxiety disorders.
Probability of Having Undiagnosed Celiac Disease
About 1% of Americans have celiac disease, but up to 70-80% remain undiagnosed, averaging 6-10 years to diagnosis.
Probability of Having Vision Impairment
About 12 million Americans aged 40 and older have vision impairment, including 1 million who are blind.
Probability of Having a Baby with Down Syndrome
About 1 in 700 babies in the US is born with Down syndrome, with risk increasing significantly with maternal age.
Probability of Having a Cesarean Section
About 32.1% of all births in the US are delivered by cesarean section, a rate that has remained relatively stable since 2009.
Probability of Having a Dental Cavity
About 90% of American adults have had at least one dental cavity, making tooth decay the most common chronic disease.
Probability of Having a Herniated Disc
About 2% of people have a symptomatic herniated disc at any given time, though disc herniations on MRI are found in 30% of asymptomatic adults.
Probability of Having a Peanut Allergy
About 2.5% of American children have a peanut allergy, a rate that has tripled over the past 20 years.
Probability of Having a Shellfish Allergy
Shellfish allergy affects about 2.5% of American adults, making it the most common food allergy in adults.
Probability of Having a Thyroid Disorder
About 12% of Americans will develop a thyroid condition during their lifetime. Women are 5-8 times more likely than men.
Probability of Having an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
About 5% of men over 65 have an abdominal aortic aneurysm. Rupture is fatal in about 80% of cases.
Probability of Having an Anxiety Disorder
About 19.2% of US adults had any anxiety disorder in the past year, making anxiety the most common mental illness.
Probability of Having an Autoimmune Disease
About 8% of Americans (24 million) have an autoimmune disease, with women accounting for about 80% of cases.
Probability of Hip Fracture After Age 65
About 15% of women and 5% of men will suffer a hip fracture after age 65, with a 20% mortality rate within one year.
Probability of Home Having Elevated Radon Levels
About 1 in 15 US homes (6.7%) has elevated radon levels, making radon the leading cause of lung cancer among non-smokers.
Probability of Hospital-Acquired Infection
About 1 in 25 hospital patients develops a healthcare-associated infection. These cause about 75,000 deaths per year.
Probability of Kidney Stone Recurrence
About 50% of people who have one kidney stone will develop another within 5-10 years without preventive measures.
Probability of Living with Chronic Pain
About 20.6% of American adults (51.6 million people) live with chronic pain, defined as pain most days for 3+ months.
Probability of Miscarriage
About 10-20% of known pregnancies end in miscarriage, with the vast majority occurring in the first trimester.
Probability of Needing Emergency Surgery in a Given Year
About 3% of Americans undergo emergency surgery each year, with appendectomies and gallbladder removals among the most common.
Probability of Needing Wisdom Teeth Removal
About 85% of people who develop wisdom teeth eventually need them removed. About 10 million wisdom teeth are extracted annually in the US.
Probability of Needing a Tonsillectomy
About 5% of Americans undergo a tonsillectomy, with about 530,000 procedures performed annually in children under 15.
Probability of Needing an Organ Transplant
Over 100,000 Americans are on the organ transplant waiting list. About 17 people die each day waiting for a transplant.
Probability of PTSD Among Combat Veterans
About 11-20% of veterans who served in Iraq/Afghanistan develop PTSD. Vietnam veterans had rates of about 30%.
Probability of Pesticide Exposure Through Food
About 70% of conventionally grown produce samples tested by the USDA contain detectable pesticide residues.
Probability of Postpartum Anxiety
About 10% of new mothers experience postpartum anxiety, which is at least as common as postpartum depression but less well-known.
Probability of Preterm Birth
About 10.5% of babies in the US are born preterm (before 37 weeks), the leading cause of infant death and long-term disability.
Probability of Problem Gambling Among Sports Bettors
About 6% of sports bettors develop problem gambling behaviors. Legal sports betting has expanded rapidly since 2018.
Probability of Recurrent UTI in Women
About 27% of women who have a UTI will have a recurrence within 6 months, and 3-5% develop frequent recurrent infections.
Probability of Significant Mold Exposure at Home
About 47% of US homes have visible mold or dampness. About 21% of asthma cases are attributable to mold exposure.
Probability of Sleepwalking
About 4% of adults and 15-40% of children sleepwalk at some point. Most children outgrow it by their teens.
Probability of Visiting the Emergency Room (Annual)
About 14.8% of Americans visit an emergency department each year, totaling approximately 130 million ED visits annually.
Probability of a Child Being Diagnosed with ADHD
About 9.7% of US children aged 3-17 have been diagnosed with ADHD, with boys diagnosed at roughly twice the rate of girls.
Probability of a Child Having Elevated Blood Lead Levels
About 2.5% of US children aged 1-5 have elevated blood lead levels, down dramatically from over 80% in the 1970s.