Probability of HPV Infection in Your Lifetime

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States. The CDC estimates that nearly all sexually active men and women will get at least one type of HPV at some point in their lives. Approximately 80% of people will be infected by age 45.

There are more than 200 types of HPV, of which about 40 can infect the genital area. Most HPV infections (9 out of 10) resolve on their own within two years without causing health problems. However, persistent infections with high-risk HPV types (particularly types 16 and 18) can lead to cervical cancer, as well as cancers of the throat, anus, penis, vagina, and vulva.

The HPV vaccine is highly effective at preventing infection with the most dangerous strains. The CDC recommends vaccination at ages 11-12 (though it can be given starting at age 9) and catch-up vaccination through age 26. Since the vaccine's introduction, HPV infections causing genital warts and precancers have dropped significantly among vaccinated populations.