Lifetime Probability of Cataract Surgery

Cataract surgery is the most commonly performed surgical procedure in the United States, with approximately 4 million procedures per year. About 20% of Americans will undergo cataract surgery during their lifetime, and the rate increases with age: more than half of Americans have cataracts or have had cataract surgery by age 80.

Cataracts are a clouding of the eye's natural lens that causes blurry vision, glare sensitivity, and faded colors. They develop gradually over years and are primarily caused by aging, though risk factors include UV exposure, diabetes, smoking, alcohol use, prolonged corticosteroid use, and eye trauma.

Modern cataract surgery is one of the safest and most successful surgeries, with a success rate of about 98%. The procedure takes about 15-30 minutes per eye and involves removing the clouded lens and replacing it with an artificial intraocular lens (IOL). Advanced IOL options include multifocal lenses (reducing need for reading glasses) and toric lenses (correcting astigmatism). Most patients experience significantly improved vision within days. The procedure is typically covered by Medicare and insurance, with an average out-of-pocket cost of $300-$1,000 per eye (more for premium IOLs).